Results of the application of technologies in coffee development of four farms of the Basic Cooperative Production Unit June 14th

Abstract

During February 2004-October 2009 period, the main problems that affect the coffee production were identified in four properties, planted with Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner species, in the Basic Unit of Cooperative Production June 14, of the Filé community, Tercer Frente, Santiago de Cuba province. Starting from a diagnosis; a development program settled down that included the application of appropriate technologies according to each case. The good physiologic state of the plantations was observed with more than 20 years of age and a depopulation that it oscillated between the 10 and 35 % of the coffees. Among the arboreal species not appropriate for the development of the cultivation the most frequent were Guasuma tomentosa, H. B. K. with 65 %, Manguifera indica L. and Roystonea regia Cook. V with 53 %, respectively. The most abundant were Musa paradisiaca L., Gliricidia sepium and Samanea saman Jerr. with 1362, 265 and 152 trees, respectively. In the evaluated properties sustained increments of the yields were achieved among 0.32 and 0.69 t/ha^-1 of coffee gold during the crop 2009/2010. In the social order, it was determined that the relationship men/nucleus was 1.9, men linked to the cultivation 2.59, high incorporation of the woman to the work, insufficient cultural activities, 76 % of satisfaction for the housing in areas of the entity and 23 % of the activities to the insufficient coffee. They were carried out training activities in thematic of interest for the integral development of the entity, the producers and their relatives.