Efectividad de nemátodos entomopatógenos para el control de la broca del café (Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari) bajo condiciones controladas1

Abstract

One of the problems for the coffee berry borer control resides in the populations that lodge in the fruits of the soil surpluses of the crop, where they cannot be reached by the chemical insecticides, neither some biological ones. In this phase the most appropriate thing is the use of the entomopathogen nematodes (NEP) that possess the capacity to move until the interior of the fruit for where the coffee berry borer perforates, and have parasitic to its biological states. With the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of these entomopathogen in the coffee berry borer populations control that there are inside the fruits, an experiment under laboratory conditions was designed. For that were used it plastic trays, in those that sterile substratum was placed, constituted by soil with trash and organic matter, to a proportion 3:1, simulating the conditions of the coffee plantation. Different quantities of fruits brocades were deposited, equivalent at one m² (139, 278, 417, 556, 695 fruits), which constituted the treatments, with four replicates. Be sprayed to each tray a solution that 6000 NEP contained, at the 72 hours the mortality was evaluated. Was proven that when increasing the density of fruits at 417 fruits/m² the mortality it begins to fall below 90 %; what indicates that to guarantee a good effectiveness of these organisms should be carried out a crop with quality. The NEP caused in the insect the characteristic symptoms of the pathogen combination nematode-bacterium, although these didn’t reach more than a generation due to the size of the coffee berry borer.